Viabilidade do uso de energia solar fotovoltaica na avicultura de corte

Abstract

Poultry farming is an activity of fundamental economic and social importance, since it is responsible for a significant portion of the Brazilian Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and for the generation of many jobs. Currently, it is a highly technified activity, being inserted in an increasingly competitive and demanding market. However, together with all the technology necessary to obtain better zootechnical results, there is a high energy consumption for the functioning of the automated systems present in modern facilities. In the current scenario of poultry production, it is essential to seek to reduce production costs, and photovoltaic energy can be a viable alternative to reduce electricity costs, which is the main cost of the activity. With this, the present work analyzed the feasibility in the installation of solar photovoltaic energy in a rural property located in the city of São Domingos - SC that develops poultry farming based on an integration system with the agribusiness. The poultry property used as a case study was chosen due to the fact that it is easier to collect the necessary information and the owner shows interest in installing solar panels in the future. As a result, the poultry farmer was initially asked to provide a history of the electricity costs of the poultry industry from January 2019 to December of the same year. With this information available, a photovoltaic panel installer company was contacted to design and budget a system capable of meeting all the demand for poultry activity, which was made based on the consumption information for the year 2019. The total budgeted amount for the installation it was R $ 81,720.10. Having these data available, Excel software was used to calculate the Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Net Present Value (NPV) and Payback for the eight-year period in two scenarios regarding the cost of kWh, namely: kWh value corrected by average annual inflation and real increase in the cost of kWh per year; in addition to two scenarios regarding the value of the initial investment: 20% reduction in the value of the initial investment and a 20% increase in the value of the initial investment. The project proved to be viable in three of the four scenarios analyzed, being unfeasible only in the scenario where there is a 20% increase in the value of the initial investment. In the scenario considered the most realistic, with a real increase of 1.27% per year in the value in kWh, the NPV obtained was R $ 3,870.11, the IRR was 9% and the Payback occurred at 5 years and 8 months. Thus, the results showed that the project to install photovoltaic solar energy as an alternative to reduce costs in poultry activity is feasible considering the period analyzed and the scenario currently observed.