Partida e operação de um sistema de tratamento de efluentes da suinocultura em escala plena

Abstract

Brazil is one of the biggest swine meet producer in the world, which requires the development of good waste management practices, whether for agricultural use and/or treatment of this material. The swine manure is a big challenge for the intensive pig farmers, principally for those that do not have area for fertirrigation practice. Searching alternatives to minimize the environmental impacts caused by the Brazilian swine production chain, Embrapa Swine and Poultry, with a network of partners, developed a technology able to get high treatability quality of swine manure. This technology is called SISTRATES (a Portuguese acronym for Sistema de Tratamento de Efluentes da Suinocultura), composed of three modules, that are based in the anaerobic digestion process (Bio module), nitrogen removal through nitrification/denitrification (N module) and phosphorus removal by chemical precipitation (P module). In this work, the startup and operation of SISTRATES, a full-scale plant in a swine farm was evaluated. Parameters like, manure/sow ratio, conversion perceptual of water in manure, biogas productivity, desulfurization efficiency, removal efficiency of organic matter and nutrients, energy cost for nitrogen removal, coefficients of sludge generated in each module and global and, energetic efficiency was studied. The results obtained through this study shows that SISTRATES generates 0,0061 m³sludge sow-1 d-1, consumes 0,018 kWh sow-1 d-1 and generates 0,28 kWh sow-1 d-1, also shows VS removal efficiency of 56,2% in Bio module, 99,6% TAN removal in N module and 95% P removal in liquid fraction. Proved that this treatment system arrangement presents a very good performance being a sustainable option for swine manure treatment.