Solarização do solo para o controle alternativo de plantas daninhas

Abstract

The experiment was installed in a vegetable production unit in Santo Cristo, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. The study aimed to test different periods of soil solarization outside the recommended time for solarization for efficient control of weeds in short time to grow vegetables and the definition of the best solarization period for efficient control of weeds outside the recommended time for solarization. Preference was given to an area with serious problems with the infestation of weeds and with good solar radiation incidence. Treatments were fitted with the following solarization periods: 0 days (control), 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 days. After 15 and 30 days from withdrawal of the transparent plastic 200 micron (µm) used for solarization, were made a counting of the number of plants per square meter of soil. Counting was performed by quadrants of 0.81m 2 (0.60m x 1.35m), arranged at three random points in each plot. The experiment was conducted in randomized block design with six replications. Data were subjected to variance analysis and means were compared by the Scott-Knott test at 5% of error probability. Were also made adjustments regression of temporal data. The 5 days solarization period was sufficient to achieve maximum efficiency of solarization, not differing from the period of 30 days of solarization. In this work the high temperatures that prevailed during solarization, associated with other mechanisms, such as soil moisture before the installation of plastic were sufficient to reduce the viability of weed seeds, resulting in a lesser population of these species in solarized soil compared to non- solarized.