Panorama dos resíduos sólidos urbanos: um estudo de caso do município de Laranjeiras do Sul-PR

Abstract

The National Solid Waste Policy has brought a great challenge to the municipal public power and society in general regarding the management of solid urban waste, since for the first time a Law related to the subject, which values shared responsibility, is sanctioned. The study conducted in the municipality of Laranjeiras do Sul-PR, considered the periods from May 2014 to August 2016, and in 2014 the municipality started to follow the guidelines and norms of the PNRS, as well as Law 12.305 / 2010. In this context, the overall objective of this study was to analyze the urban solid waste scenario in Laranjeiras do Sul-PR, after the law 12.305 / 2010 was enacted. The methods used were related to the case study, using descriptive and documentary research, the data were studied from qualitative-quantitative analysis. An observation process was carried out that followed a pre-established itinerary and a structured interview to ascertain the disposal of the waste and tailings generated. Regarding the costs of waste management and urban waste, the budget and expenditure reports were analyzed, provided by the Finance Department. To identify the sustainability of solid waste management, the "Sustainability indicators matrix for the management of solid urban waste, proposed by Santiago and Dias (2012)" was applied. For that, different questionnaires were applied: together with a public manager; Representatives of the Neighborhoods (Community Health Agents) and the Group of Collectors, totaling 37 questionnaires. Among the main results it was observed that the level of sustainability of the municipality is of 6,73, being classified as Average Sustainability. Among the sustainability dimensions evaluated, it was verified that the Dimension of Social Inclusion deserves more attention by the municipal public power. It is noteworthy that despite the changes that have occurred in the municipality since 2014, improvements are still needed, such as the provision of services to the population residing in rural areas, and this is a goal of the Municipal Plan for the Integrated Management of Solid Waste Urban that until the moment was not realized, as well as others that did not have a revaluation after its elaboration.