Utilização da música para promover saúde no hospital: percepções de indivíduos oncológicos

Abstract

Hospitalization often presents itself as stressful and painful for the subjects, especially for cancer patients who are emotionally shaken, and health promotion actions are needed to alleviate these feelings. In this perspective, considering the lack of health promotion actions in the hospital environment, it was observed that music is an important tool to alleviate stressful feelings, anxiety, fear and sadness. Thus, this study aims to understand the meanings of the use of music as a health promoter in the hospital environment, in the perceptions of cancer patients. The work is characterized as an exploratory and descriptive research with a qualitative approach, based on the theoretical framework of Health Promotion and Symbolic Interactionism. The participation of 12 cancer patients hospitalized in the oncology sector of the largest hospital in the municipality of Chapecó-SC. For data collection an interview was conducted with semi-structured questions to guide, identifying them with adjectives codenames. Data were analyzed through content analysis, in the thematic modality, emerging three categories: Cancer and its implications to the lives of individuals; Health promotion facing the hospitalization process of individuals; Music as an instrument of health promotion. With the results of the research, it can be seen that for participants, hospitalization is a period of much anxiety, agony and boredom, and a time of restraint, involving numerous homesickness, family and friends. The individuals demonstrated knowledge about the health relationship in its expanded concept, stating that health promotion, especially music, is an important strategy to qualify the life of individuals in the hospital, which needs promotion actions. Participants declare that music has important meanings in their hospitalization process, reducing feelings of anxiety, providing peace, distraction and joy in the environment, as a means to promote health. Finally, through the meanings of music, the development of new studies is encouraged, both for nursing and other areas, related to the practice of music, as well as other strategies to promote the health of hospitalized cancer patients.