Fitorremediação de solos contaminados com herbicidas inibidores da enzima Protoporfirinogênio oxidase

Abstract

The use of plants for phytoremediation of contaminated soil with herbicides is an alternative that has been given importance for pesticides persistence in the environment. In this way, the objective of this study was to evaluate the phytoremediation potential of winter species in soil contaminated with sulfentrazone and fomesafen. The design was completely randomized factor of 5 x 4 with four replications. The factor A was constituted by the plant species oat, birdsfoot trefoil, vetch, radish and lupine, and the factor B was composed of sulfentrazone doses (first test - 0.0, 0.6, 1.2 and 2.4 L ha-1) and fomesafen doses (second test - 0.0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 L ha-1), trademarks Boral 500® and Flex, respectively, applied in crop pre-emergence. At 50 days after plants emergence the following variables were evaluated: phytotoxicity (%), leaf area (cm2) and dry weight (g) of 5 plants, photosynthetic activity, carboxylation efficiency and water use efficiency. The data were submitted to analysis of variance by the F test and if significant, it was applied linear or non-linear regression to evaluate the effect of herbicides doses on the species. All tests were performed at 5% probability. It was observed that lupine and vetch showed the best results for all variables, showing potential to be used in phytoremediation of contaminated soil with fomesafen and sulfentrazoneb herbicides.