Efeitos do boom das commodities no desenvolvimento industrial brasileiro (2003-2014)

Abstract

The Brazilian economy achieved significant growth in the 2000s, largely due to the commodities boom. The end of the phenomenon coincided with a major economic recession in Brazil. This work aims to understand the effects of high prices of basic products on Brazilian industrial development between 2003 and 2014. Unlike most developed countries, Brazil’s comparative advantage in the world market is related to natural conditions, such as the high fertility of its soil. This advantage guarantees the country the capture of a differential income of the international land, formed from the ratio between the price of commodities in the world market and their domestic production price, relatively cheaper. In periods of peak prices, the profitability of these exports tends to be even higher. Several authors warn about the effects that the excessive entry of an income not related to productive efforts can cause in the national economy, being one of the main exchange overvaluation, which can hinder the reproduction of the industrial sector-exporter, increasingly understood as indispensable to economic development. From a review of the reading and data collection, it has been noted that the start of the supercycle is accompanied by a major industrial recovery, but that, with the overappreciation of the currency, and especially since the global crisis of 2008, Brazil resumes its process of intense deindustrialization, besides following significantly vulnerable to price fluctuations in the international market.