As disputas políticas em torno do petróleo no Brasil: a posição do Instituto Brasileiro de Petróleo, Gás e Biocombustíveis - IBP (2014-2021)

Abstract

Right after the coup d'état that led to the impeachment of President Dilma Rousseff, which took place in 2016, the main points of the oil policy known as the sharing regime, established by Law 12.351/2010, were changed by the new government. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to analyze the movement of social forces and the political disputes that resulted in the approval of Bill (PL) 4.567/16, which contributed to the weakening of the control of public capital over Brazilian oil. These events, added to other factors, started a process of denationalization, which changed, in addition to the oil production and exploration policy, the pricing policy and the local content policy exercised until then by Petrobras.To achieve the proposed objective, documents from the Brazilian Institute of Oil, Gas and Biofuels (IBP) are analyzed, that allow us to identify how the demands of foreign capital and the associated bourgeoisie in the oil sector are represented by this Institute. As a main hypothesis, we observe that with the change of government, the political scene and the power bloc also underwent changes that enabled the triggering of the process of denationalization and expansion of foreign capital over national public capital, especially in the oil area. The secondary hypothesis, complementary to the first, is that the IBP acts as a representative of foreign capital and the bourgeoisie associated with it, spreading the interests of these fractions through its publications.