Estudo de caso na região de Rio Bonito do Iguaçu: condições e desenvolvimento da cultura do trigo (triticum) na região

Abstract

This work is based on the plant breeding of plants, it is a process that occurs since the beginning of humanity, aiming to improve the quality of cultivated plants, their productivity, among other factors. This process is constantly changing and over time it has been adapted by breeders who make use of molecular markers, sequencing, genomic selection, transgenics and gene editing have become elements that are used in the improvement of wheat produced all over the world. With the use of technologies with improvements in the genotype, it is the most valuable strategy for increasing productivity in a sustainable and ecologically balanced way. Bringing as main objective to update the main biotechnological strategies used for the genetic improvement of wheat. Among the characteristics that have been worked on in relation to the genetic improvement of wheat, the following stand out: Resistance to biotic and abiotic stress, grain consistency for different applications, production cycle and phenological characteristics of the plant, especially the leaves and stems, lower levels of gluten for drier dough: biscuit type. An overview of the reality of farmers in the region of Rio Bonito do Iguaçu. The great difficulty encountered by producers is the climatic adversities, such as frost, drought and rain that occur during the crop cycle. The most planted cultivars in the region are from Embrapa and Biotrigo, with varieties such as BRS Atobá, BRS Jacana, BRS Sanhaço and TBIO Astro. Through the development of this work, it can be seen that the wheat crop can only grow in the region, as it is one of the most consumed crops by Brazilians through its derivatives. With the genetic improvement coming in great strides and showing itself well in the regions.