Estudo sobre o extrativismo sustentável orgânico de Campomanesia xanthocarpa O. Berg

Abstract

Extractive activity can be considered as one of the oldest processes that human being perform in nature. The ability to exploit natural resources, respecting the maintenance of species was, for a long time, common to the practice of the activity. With the passage of time, the growth of societies and the modification of the exploitation models, the sustainable characteristic was dissociated from extraction, causing some disgust when talking about the theme. Thus, the present work aims to carry out a study on the sustainable organic extraction of a native fruit, Campomanesia xanthocarpa, in order to try to discuss the importance of mother trees in this process and the legislation that guides the activity, making it more and more sustainable. Therefore, this work was initiated through an interdisciplinary process, where a methodology was developed and applied in the field. The results of this stage were able to guide the choices of the individual research theme. Subsequently, an analysis work was carried out on the biometric parameters, in which the number of seeds per fruit, fresh weight and longitudinal and transversal length of the fruits were analyzed. In addition, dendrometric parameters were evaluated, such as Scope, Percentage and Formal Cup, Salience and Spanning Index and Slenderness in 10 individuals of C xanthocarpa forest, previously punctuated in previous studies and germination rate and seed germination speed index. In addition, it was also discussed about the legislation that guide the organic sustainable extraction process in Brazil and from this analysis, suggestions of good practices for guabiroba extraction were pointed out. As a result, the work came out with five forest matrices that would be interesting for multiplication, according to the evaluation of the described parameters. They would be guabiroba of Douglas, Iolanda, Centro, Costela and Centro II. In addition, it was possible to list different suggestions on good practices for the extraction of guabiroba, which contributes to the construction of the Sustainable Organic Extractive Project required in the process of obtaining organic certification in rural properties.