Efeito do preparo e de forrageiras de inverno sobre atributos físicos do solo em área sob monocultivo de capim tifton

Abstract

The culture of tifton (Cynodon spp.) is considered a culture of good forage production, used on a large scale for the production of preserved forage, due to its rusticity and resistance to traffic and trampling. The production of preserved forage causes problems with soil compaction, caused by the various processes that involve agricultural machinery traffic, together with the fact that they often do not respect the soil moisture point. In this context, the present work aims to contemplate the remediation of compaction caused by the management of the tifton crop, using winter forages, during the period in which the crop becomes idle. The cultures of white oat, vetch and intercropping will be used, combined with the treatment of mechanical scarification or without scarification, installed in a completely randomized design, bifactorial and with four replications. To carry out the evaluations, the dry matter content of each plot will be evaluated; the soil resistance to penetration will also be evaluated, with the aid of a penetrometer; soil density, total porosity, microporosity and macroporosity will be evaluated. The cover crops showed good production of plant biomass, despite the not very favorable environmental conditions. In relation to soil penetration resistance, the use of a scarifier associated with cover crops was shown to improve this physical attribute of the soil. For soil density and total porosity, no treatment showed a significant difference when compared to the attestant. As for the total porosity, both treatments presented acceptable volumes. Macroporosity and microporosity also did not present significant differences in the treatments, when compared with the attestant.