Desempenho agronômico e sanitário de sementes salvas e certificadas de feijão preto, CV. IPR Urutau

Abstract

The bean, one of the main Brazilian food, is a species cultivated throughout the national territory, and most producers make use of saved seeds to deploy their crops. On the other hand, certified seeds follow a legislation to be marketed, with quality assurance. The objective was to evaluate the differences in germination, anthracnose incidence in harvested seeds, yield components and productivity in black beans, from saved and certified seeds, with and without fungicide application. The experiment was carried out in the experimental area and in the Plant Pathology Laboratory at the Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul - Campus Erechim, and the cultivar used was IPR Urutau. The experiment was conducted in two seasons: the first, from October, 2021 to January, 2022; and the second, from January, 2022 to May, 2022, both in a randomized block design, with 8 replicates. The treatments consisted of: certified seed with fungicide application; certified seed without fungicide application; saved seed with fungicide application; and saved seed without fungicide application. Tests of germination, yield components, seed production, and sanity were carried out. With the use of certified seeds there was less incidence of seeds infected by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum after harvest. The weight of one thousand grains was higher in both harvests with the use of saved seeds. In the second harvest, the treatment of saved seeds with application of fungicides obtained higher productivity.