Avaliação do potencial de efeitos adversos de inseticidas biológicos e sintéticos

Abstract

The control of pests such as leafhoppers and brown stink bugs is being increasingly applied in search of higher yields, especially in corn. Thus, seeking to protect the plantations, the use of synthetic and biological insecticides stands out. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the toxicity of synthetic insecticide (Galil®) and Bioinsecticide (Aita et al., 2021) on the reproduction of springtails of the species Folsomia candida in tropical artificial soil. Chronic toxicity tests were performed in accordance with ISO 11267 (ISO, 2014), in a controlled temperature and luminosity environment. The doses of Galil® tested were 0.24; 0.48; 0.96; 1.92 and 3.84 and from Bioinsecticide 1; two; 4; 8 and 16 mg a.i./kg-¹ of dry soil. The mixture (30 g of moist soil + solution of the tested product) was placed in cylindrical glass containers and 10 adult springtails were added to each container. Soil moisture was maintained throughout the experiment at 60% of the water holding capacity. After 28 days from the beginning of the test, the contents of each container were submerged in water so that the surviving organisms float, in addition to the addition of drops of black ink to facilitate the counting of the organisms. The test was photographed and the count was made using the “Image J” program. The treatment means were compared with the control using Dunnet's test. In treatments with Galil® insecticide, EC50 values were estimated at a dose of 0.95 mg kg-¹. For the reduction in 20% of the population, the calculated EC20 was 0.36 mg kg-¹. In the treatment with synthetic insecticide, the effect of reducing reproduction started from the dose of 0.48 mg kg-¹. The bioinsecticide did not reduce the reproduction of springtails at any dose tested.