Luta pela terra e resistência indígena no sudoeste do Paraná: a formação do movimento dos Kaingang da terra indígena de Mangueirinha (1960-1988)

Abstract

The present work consists of a documentary and bibliographical research on the Indigenous Land of Mangueirinha, in the Southwest of Paraná. This indigenous territory, reserved by decree in 1903 with a total of 17,810 hectares, was reduced by the 1949 agreement signed between the state of Paraná and the Union, a condition that led to the removal of 8,975 hectares of land from the possession of the Kaingang and Guarani residents of the Reserve. In view of this, the study seeks to understand how the formation of the Kaingang resistance movement and struggle against the removal of land caused by the 1949 agreement took place. The delimitation of the time frame, from 1960 to 1988, include the period of effective withdrawal of part of the territory of the Reserve, with indigenous people being expelled from this area until the decade of greater strengthening of the indigenous struggle and resistance movement, ending in the year of enactment of the 1988 Constitution, which recognized indigenous rights. Based on the aforementioned space and time limit, theoretical benchmark, and sources, we emphasize that this research aims to understand, from the experience of violence of the indigenous community, the formation of the resistance movement and fight against the advance of capital on indigenous lands, specifically in the Mangueirinha Indigenous Land. Therefore, our central hypothesis is that the conscience formed through the collective experience lived by this group provided an opportunity for their action against violence and land expropriation by the State.