A garantia do direito a assistência social nos municípios da Região das Missões/RS mediante a implantação da Política Nacional de Assistência Social

Abstract

This dissertation seeks to identify the availability of the right to social assistance in the municipalities of the Missões Region, in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, through the investigation of the implementation processes of the National Social Assistance Policy (PNAS). Based on the critical dialectical method, this research aims to know the physical, legal and human structures created or adapted in the municipalities to perform social assistance services. It begins with a debate on rights, especially social rights and the need for their implementation, addressing the context of the birth of rights within modern societies. Based on a bibliographic review, it resumes the Brazilian trajectory of recognition of rights, traversing the historical periods of Brazil in an intertwined way with the configuration of the assistance field until the promulgation of the Federal Constitution of 1988. Next, it presents the structure of recognition of rights by the Federal Constitution, entering the new configurations given to social assistance, now seen as a citizen's right, a duty of the State, raised to the level of non-contributory public policy and part of social security. It also presents its regulation through the Organic Law of Social Assistance - LOAS and later the creation of PNAS and institution of the Single Social Assistance System (SUAS). Finally, it presents the main characteristics of the region and characterizes the municipalities through the survey of socioeconomic data and the result of the research. It analyzes the PNAS implementation process based on the institution of the main mechanisms and instruments for the execution of services such as the Municipal Social Assistance Fund (FMAS), the Municipal Social Assistance Council (CMAS), the SUAS Law, the of Reference and the constitution of the referenced teams, also defining the size and level of management of the municipalities and the social assistance entities belonging to the territories. The result of this process shows that Basic Social Protection (PSB) is made available by all municipalities through the Social Assistance Reference Centers (CRAS). In turn, even though the Special Social Protection (PSE) is not fully implemented in a large part of the region, justifying a greater number of PSB instruments, such as the municipal and regional Specialized Reference Center for Social Assistance (CREAS), it is concluded that, technically, the right to social assistance is available in the RS Missions.