Radioproteção aplicada a instalações hospitalares: um estudo de caso

Abstract

The present study aimed to research the norms on the use of radiation in its most diversified applications until the specific use of radiation as radiodiagnosis in clinics and hospitals. Initially, the work was based on the Conference of the Ordinance SVS/MS N 453, of June 1, 1998, with the activity in the radiodiagnosis room of the Superintendência Unidade Hospitalar Veterinária Universitária (SUHVU) of Realeza-PR. This initial check was divided into three aspects that covered the radioprotection standards, such as the conditions of the X-ray room, a comparison between the Ordinance SVS/MS N 453 and the Radiodiagnosis unit. The site analyzed, considering the analysis of the three axes mentioned, presented more than 80% of its activity in agreement with the norm. It was attest that this result would be improved if the unit adopted some adjustments, such as the implantation of a radiology committee and regular preventive maintenance in the scope of radiological protection. The second part of the research was to analyze the reports of accumulated radiation doses on workers who have access to the X-ray machine in operation. The analysis of the dosingage reports did not present significant results of radiation contamination by the employees. The third and last moment of the work was the construction of an experimental apparatus, in which were built 4 mini mortar walls with different thicknesses, in order to simulate the actual shielding of the walls of the radiodiagnostic room analyzed. Measurements of the mini-walls with specimens of varying densities were performed to verify the attenuation of the X-ray as a function of the distance. According to the results obtained, the shielding of the analyzed environment is in accordance with the specific norms, as well as the regulations on radiological protection are satisfactory.