Caracterização de potenciais vias metabólicas associadas ao modelo de jejum intermitente realizado por mulheres com sobrepeso e obesidade: uma análise metabolômica "untarget"

Abstract

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a set of cardiometabolic abnormalities that occur more commonly in overweight and/or obese individuals, has a high prevalence and has been associated with a number of adverse health consequences, such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Currently, the MetS can be evaluated using a continuous numerical scale of severity, the Z-MetS. Time-restricted eating (TRF) is a dietary approach used for weight loss and improvement of metabolic health biomarkers. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of TRF on Z-MetS in overweight and obese middle-aged women. In addition, apply a untargeted metabolomic analysis, aiming at comparing the metabolomic profile in the different groups of samples pre and post-TRF intervention. A non-randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted over 3 months (group TRF, n = 7, BMI 33.9 ± 1.8 vs. Control n = 7, BMI 33.5 ± 1.6). The TRF protocol adopted was 16 h without any energy intake followed by 8 h of food intake ad libitum. Our results show that TRF was effective in reducing weight, BMI, waist circumference from baseline and compared to the control group, but without significant changes in Z-MetS. Metabolomic analysis showed that the glucose-alanine cycle pathway; beta oxidation of very long chain fatty acids; and pathway of phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis were significantly enriched. These pathways may explain changes in metabolism that occur under TRF conditions and weight loss that cannot be determined by changes in classical metabolic biomarkers or Z-MetS and can significantly impact the improvement of metabolic health.