Os efeitos da chuva polínica para a saúde respiratória no município de Chapecó-SC

Abstract

The diseases that affect the respiratory tract are among the main responsible for the great part of illness and deaths in all age groups, changing, therefore, the mortality rates, mainly infantile, overloading the health care services, and causing significantly higher public spending on health services. Among the contributing factors to the population’s illness, the pollen grain strands out as a mediator between the health-disease process, where its insertion has significant interference in the population’s respiratory health. Respiratory diseases account for about 7% of global population mortality, thus corresponding to 4,2 million deaths per years. These diseases cause psychological, physical, and intelectual limitations, causing negative consequences on the quality of life and health of the Brazilian population. Thus, the aim of this study is to analyze the influence of pollen rain on respiratory health in the municipality of Chapecó- SC, using as a study tool a quantitative analysis of allergenic plants that occur in the Bela Vista and Eldorado neighborhood. This Project is expected to contribute to the increase of significant data on this theme. The colletions of pollen material occurred fron September to November 2019, using artesanal collectors. The samples were processed in the laboratory for microscopic analyses. The quantification and qualification of palynomorphs from the analysis of palynological slides allowed the elaboration of a percentage palynological graph that represents the lowest and highest incidence of pollen grains and spores dispersed in the atmosphere during the period of the collectors’exposure. The research enabled a survey of data on the families and genera of pollen grain allergens which were found the following families in the collections Poaceae, Asteraceae, Amarylidaceae, Acaena, Ephedraceae and the genus Valeriana, in the group of "herbs and shrubs"; and Fabaceae, Melastomaceae, Moraceae, Myrtaceae, Pinaceae, Sapindaceae and the genera Mimosa and Podocarpus in the group of trees. . This study is expected to contribute to the increase of significant data on this theme.