Questões de gênero e a (in)visibilidade da figura feminina na Ciência-Tecnologia: uma análise em livros didáticos de Física

Abstract

This research addresses the low visibility of women as scientists in Science Education. Therefore, the aim is to offer contributions to rethink the incentives given to this genre through the school curriculum to be inserted in the scientific-technological field. Starting from the research problem: what and how are the relationships between gender issues and Science-Technology (ST) shown in Physics textbooks (TB) contemplated by the 2018 National Book and Teaching Material Program? The aim is to understand and analyze how the relationships between gender issues and ST are presented in the collections. Starting from the problematic and general objective, the research was divided into specific problems and objectives, being subdivided into 4 chapters, each corresponding to an article published, submitted or to be submitted in a journal. The first and second chapter/article correspond to bibliographic reviews with a view to contributing to the theoretical-methodological contribution of the dissertation. While the first deals with a review of Brazilian theses and dissertations that deal with women in ST in Science Teaching, the second addresses how gender and ST issues have been discussed, specifically, in Physics Teaching. The third chapter/article presents an analysis of the images of people related to the history of ST or involved in scientific-technological activities. The fourth chapter/article investigates the female and male mentions of scientists in the field of Natural Sciences and their Technologies that appear in the TB. The methodology involves bibliographical and documentary research, both using Discursive Textual Analysis as an analysis methodology. In this context, throughout the chapters, we demonstrate, based on the results found, how much the ST values experiences and behaviors socially considered masculine, that the scientist figure is linked to the male gender and white people, with the almost total absence of women as scientist in the Physics textbooks, either through images or mentions, in addition, we point to an important fact, the little reflection on gender issues in the ST present in the textbooks.