Efeitos da exposição crônica de parentais do peixe Poecilia reticulata (Peter, 1859) ao herbicida à base de glifosato, com ênfase em mortalidade e marcadores bioquímicos na prole

Abstract

The most commercialized herbicides worldwide are based on glyphosate, highlighting the commercial product ROUNDUP® WG. Its high demand in agriculture is due to the wide spectrum of action. It is known that this compound has low toxicity to mammalian animals, however, the effects from its use on aquatic organisms are still little known. Given the above, the present study evaluated the use of roundup under the cultivation of the ornamental guppy fish (Poecilia reticulata) and the effects on the offspring. The experimental design consisted of two phases. In phase I, 108 specimens of the species were housed in 6 experimental units with a useful volume of 10L each, with 3 control treatments and 3 test treatments (Roundup 1 mg.L-1) at a density of 18 fish per experimental unit. In this phase, the cultivation and reproduction of the specimens was carried out. In phase II, the offspring from the reproduction of phase I was grown for 30 days in a glyphosate-free environment and the chronic effects from the previous phase on the development of juveniles were observed. Analyzing the results obtained, there was no significant difference in the number of births per female in the glyphosate group compared to the control, as well as in the cholinesterase enzyme there were no variations in the activities, nor were there any variations in the activities of the antioxidant defense enzymes (GR, CAT , GST) and non-enzymatic markers (GSH and LPO) and there were no changes in the activities of enzymatic markers of amino acid metabolism (AST and ALT). The results indicate that parental exposure to glyphosate, during gonadal maturation, reproduction and embryonic development, did not interfere with reproduction, as well as with the investigated metabolic pathways (passage of cholinergic nerve information, antioxidant defense and protein metabolism).