Componentes de rendimento da soja em função da sua profundidade de semeadura e da altura de colheita do trigo antecessor

Abstract

The soybean crop has played a fundamental role in Brazilian agriculture, contributing to the high share of Brazilian agribusiness in GDP. A number of factors are responsible for this high production of oilseeds, one of the main ones being the no-till system, which prioritizes direct sowing under the remains of the previous crop. Due to the well-defined seasons in southern Brazil, wheat is characterized as one of the main winter crops preceding soybeans, leaving a satisfactory vegetation cover under the soil and being responsible for reducing the incidence of undesirable plants and also reducing soil moisture loss through evaporation. The aim of this work was to assess how different wheat cutting heights and two soybean sowing depths affect soybean yield components. Four different wheat cutting heights (10, 25, 40 and 55 cm) and two soybean sowing depths (3.5 and 6 cm) were evaluated. During the experiment, the four wheat cutting heights and the two sowing depths acted together on the response variables days to seedling emergence, soybean plant height, first leg insertion height and average number of legumes per plant. The mass of a thousand grains showed no significant difference in the two variables studied, the mass of a thousand grains obtained higher averages at a depth of 3.5 cm and for the grain yield variable, better results were obtained as the cutting height of the preceding wheat increased.