Compostagem e educação ambiental: um olhar para a literatura

Abstract

The present work presented to the Course of Biological Sciences at the Federal University of the Southern Border, Campus of Realeza, consists of a bibliographical review, with the objective of seeking to understand the relationships between Environmental Education and Composting, based on actions developed in formal and informal spaces, and recorded in the literature. As well as indicating which didactic strategies would be possible to be put into practice and could provide engagement of the population of Realeza/PR, since the municipality already carries out in urban areas, the collection of organic waste and public composting. The interest in the research resulted from the curiosity to understand how Environmental Education is worked and seen in the school space, as well as to understand the composting process. Since solid organic waste (food leftovers, peels, pits, spoiled food, garden waste, cut grass, pruning, etc.) are constantly produced, and when not properly disposed of and mixed with other waste, they can cause problems to the environment, such as; greenhouse effect increase, pollution, flooding, landslides, among others. An ecologically correct way to return this waste to nature is through composting, a form of biological decomposition of organic matter in the presence of oxygen or vermicomposting in the presence of annelids. The methodology used involved a search on the Capes Periodicals platform (period 2020 to 2023), of a qualitative nature, involving bibliographic research. 16 articles were reached for analysis, the Textual Discourse Analysis (ATD) method was used (MORAES AND GALIAZZI, 2016), a process carried out starting from three moments; unitarization, categorization, in this process, initially 5 initial categories emerged, 12 intermediate and 4 final categories emerged for tabulation, producing new understandings. Thus, four categories of analysis; "What do the articles express about the Legislation, Principles and Objectives of EA in human formation?", the second category was "EA in the school context", the third category established was; "Practices in EA and the importance of community awareness" and the last "Relations between EA and Composting." The results point to considerations making it clear that there are laws that support the environmental issue, and that its development in the school space, has objectives aimed at raising awareness of people and improving the environment, that working it in a more playful and practical way such as the construction of a compost bin, would be a way of environmental education being worked in an interdisciplinary way. That Environmental Education can reach rural and urban areas, bringing benefits to all social classes and especially to the Environment. However, it is necessary to invest in continuing education of teachers in relation to the theme.