Prevalência de infecção do trato urinário em gestantes atendidas na atenção primária à saúde

Abstract

To evaluate the prevalence of Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) in pregnant women in Primary Health Care scenario and analyse its relationship with sociodemographic factors, prenatal care adequacy according to national guidelines of Health Ministry (HM), and gestacional outcomes. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted in Marau, Rio Grande do Sul, with pregnant women of any age and estimated delivery date from 02/28/2019 to 06/30/2020. Age, race/ethnicity, education level, employment status, comorbidities, single or multiple pregnancy, planned/desired pregnancy, parity, gestational trimester at the start of prenatal care, qualitative urine test and urine culture conducted during pregnancy, number of prenatal visits, gestational age at delivery and delivery complications data were collected from medical records. Descriptive statistics and the distribution of UTI and gestational adversities outcomes was assessed according to exposure variables (chi-squared or Fisher's exact test; 5% type I error). Results: 364 pregnant women were included, 20.9% had UTIs. As for urine tests, 42,9% followed the protocol recomendation by HM. A statistically significant difference was observed between paid employment variable and, as expected, between at least one EQU and urine culture during prenatal, aderence to the HM protocol and UTIs occurrence (p<0,05). Conclusion: UTI is present in approximately one-fifth of pregnant women. Less than half of the pregnant women were screened for UTI according to the national MS protocol, which is a concerning scenario in light of the potential underdiagnosis and consequent lack of treatment for this infection.