Agroecologia e mudança climática global: reflexões ético-filosóficas

Abstract

The present dissertation addresses, analyzes, interprets, and seeks to reflect on the scientific data presented in the Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), in order to describe the scientific data on the current climate crisis that civilization faces and feels. The central objective of this study is to analyze the interdisciplinary dialogue between science, philosophy, and agroecology in response to global climate change, seeking to discuss ethical considerations about the problem. To this end, the hypothesis raised is that, with agroecological practices and their epistemological foundations, it is possible to modify the current hegemonic agriculture, characterized by intensive and industrial nature, seeking to reorient it towards sustainable activities, that is, based on ecosystems. Care for the natural environment, the health of human and non-human animals, the production of healthy and nutritious food, respect for popular and traditional cultures and knowledge, are characteristics that permeate throughout the work. To support the reflection of this dissertation, the methodology used was documentary bibliographic review, whose research bases were sought in sources such as articles, books, news, reports, among others. Moreover, the hermeneutic philosophical method was also used, that is, analysis and interpretation of the various texts and their historical and theoretical contexts. Consequently, the first chapter presents and characterizes some of the scientific considerations concerning global climate change, seeking to elucidate the possible anthropogenic nature of this phenomenon, and discusses the global agri-food sector and the agroecological proposal. Next, the work lists the main contemporary environmental and agroecological epistemologies, substantiating the debate about their adoption as the most viable and sustainable agriculture for a dignified future for the entire population. Finally, the third chapter seeks to insert Hans Jonas' moral philosophy into the discussion, mainly from his new ethical imperative for a technological society in which we live today. Responsibility is one of the possible keys to preserving the quality of life of the planet and future generations. Therefore, for its construction, the dissertation traverses interdisciplinary devices, as dialogue with various areas of knowledge and types of knowledge is fundamental to thinking about both agroecology and the ethical principle of responsibility.