Cotas raciais na pós-graduação: um estudo nas universidades da região funcional 7 do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul

Abstract

The history of black people in Brazil is constituted through a process of enslavement, which lasted for more than 350 years; for the fight against structural racism and for constant social mobilization in favor of achieving rights. This historical path that enslaved and killed the black population guaranteed a robust range of privileges for the white population, perpetuating structural and institutional racism in the social fabric, thus removing black people from places of prestige and power, due to the color of their skin. In this context, a group of Social Movements, called the Black Movement, fight for recognition and implementation of affirmative policies. In 2012, the law on social and racial quotas (Law nº 12,711/2012) considers racial quotas in Public Universities constitutional and guarantees the right of access to education. This dissertation aims to analyze the process of implementing the Quota Law in the Stricto Sensu Postgraduate Programs of Universities that have headquarters and/or campuses in Functional Region 7/RS, carrying out the study of notices for selection processes; mapping the entry of quota holders; analyzing retention and completion of the course; and establishing inferences with the reality of the state of Rio Grande do Sul and Brazil.This is a study with a qualitative focus, based on the assumptions of the dialectical critical method. Research strategies include document analysis, search on institutional websites and literature review, organized and analyzed based on in-depth hermeneutics. The study is part of the research line “Sociopolitical dynamics and development experiences”, seeking to contribute to the construction of knowledge about social exclusion processes and struggles for the achievement of rights. The 28 registered to reserve places in the Postgraduate Program at the Federal University of Fronteira Sul (UFFS), since the implementation of the aforementioned programs, the first being in 2015, even show good demand. However, noting that only 4 entered the courses and, of these, one ended up not completing the course, there is still a long way to go to transform politics into law that becomes effective in practice. The reality found in the study also demonstrates that, of the three universities that have headquarters and/or campuses in Functional Region 7 (UNIJUÍ, URI and UFFS), and have Stricto Sensu Postgraduate Programs implemented, only one provides access via the Law of Quotas, which already restricts the participation and/or entry of the black population into the restricted universe of Postgraduate Studies. Finally, this research contributes to theoretical and legal studies on racial quotas in postgraduate studies at universities in the northwest of Rio Grande do Sul, as no studies related to this topic have yet been detected, thus being able to contribute to studies on development and public policies, from social and legal reflections.