"Os jovens do ensino médio, que é minha grande preocupação”: o educativo nas ocupações secundaristas de São Paulo em 2015

Abstract

In 2015, the state of São Paulo was the scene of a widespread secondary school student uprising, marked by the occupation of 213 public schools in opposition to the so-called "School Reorganization," an educational reform proposed by the state government that would impact thousands of students. This qualitative research seeks to answer the question: what is the educational aspect in the relationships involving the subjects of the school reorganization in the state of São Paulo in 2015 and its unfolding consequences? Therefore, we establish two main dynamics: the educational aspect present in the reform, and the educational aspect present in the relationships of the students involved in the political action. To answer this question, we begin with the historical analysis of the events, to then make a theoretical analysis anchored in a post-critical perspective through authors such as Sebastián Plá (2022), Walter Benjamin (1987), Jorge Larrosa (2018), Luiz Carlos de Freitas (2018), and Ricardo Timm de Souza (2020). The reorganization of schools is understood as a “non-project” that operates based on the pretensed totalizing rationality of neoliberalism, and establishes it as a distinct educational phenomenon, mobilizing values, discourses, and practices that changes the worldview of the affected subjects. In parallel, the educational potential of the school occupations is analyzed and understood as resistance practices that produces experiences through collectivity, making possible other ways of perceiving and intervening in the world beyond the logics imposed by neoliberalism. The study uses bibliographic, documentary, and media sources, including news reports, materials produced by the students themselves on social media, and the book Escolas de Luta (Campos, Medeiros, and Ribeiro, 2016), which compiles interviews and accounts fundamental to understanding the dynamics and meanings of the secondary school student struggle against the reform implemented during the Alckmin government (2014–2018).