Sistemas apostilados em Redes Municipais de Ensino no Oeste Catarinense: a mercadorização da educação pública?

Abstract

This study is part of the “Educational Policies” research line of the Post-Graduate Program in Education (Academic Master's Degree), Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Campus Chapecó. It aims to understand how the process of commercialisation of education occurs in municipal networks in Western of Santa Catarina, materialized by the processes of adoption of Apostilled Teaching Systems (ATSs). To support this dissertation, this study is anchored on authors who have reflected and researched on the commercialization and privatization of education, such as Adrião (2018), Adrião and Borgui (2008, 2009, 2015), Adrião and Garcia (2010), Adrião and Bezerra (2013), Amorin (2008, 2012), Nicoleti (2009), Peroni (2012, 2014, 2015), Freitas (2019), Carvalho and Gouveia (2020), Pontes (2020), among others. The guiding question of the research is: how the process of commodification of education occurs in municipal networks in the Western of Santa Catarina, materialized by the adoption processes of the Apostilled Teaching System.The adopted methodology has a qualitative approach, involving the direct contact of the researcher with the object of study and for that, the research was processed and approved by the Ethics Committee on Research with Human Beings at UFFS. For data treatment, it was decided to use content analysis, suggested by Bardin (2011). The analyzes indicated that there is a vast legislation that supports partnerships, especially from the Federal Constitution of 1988 that introduces a tripartite federalism. As a consequence of Constitutional Amendment No. 19 of 1988, a legal and a normative framework was initiated in favor of public-private partnerships. Concepts such as quality and efficiency are milestones in Brazilian educational policy, inducing the process of decentralization through municipalization. These concepts are also present in the 1995 State Reform, which centralizes coordination and decentralizes the execution and creation of FUNDEF and FUNDEB. Coupled city halls seek magical solutions for the teaching-learning process through the purchase of ATSs, which constitutes a form of privatization and commercialisation of education. The adoption of ATSs generates costs to municipalities, promotes the curtailment of the teacher's work and disqualifies him from his professionalization, in addition to promotes teaching based on instructionism, without taking into account the formation of a critical, autonomous and emancipated subject.