Violência escolar contra professores da rede pública de ensino em Passo Fundo-RS: prevalência e fatores associados

Abstract

Aim: To estimate the prevalence of school violence against teachers and associated factors. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in 2019 with teachers from the municipal and state schools in Passo Fundo, a municipality located in the north of the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Data collection was performed in an online format sending by a link with a self-administered questionnaire. The main variable studied was the occurrence of cases of school violence against teachers. When violence was used as an outcome, sociodemographic, work and behavioral characteristics were evaluated as exposures. On the other hand, when defining violence as exposure, it was investigated as indicators of mental health and absence from work due to health reasons. In the analysis of the data, in addition to descriptive statistics, for the bivariate analyzes, the Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were applied. Results: The sample included n = 225 teachers of which 30.7% (CI95%: 1.63-1.75) reported having suffered some type of violence in the school environment. There was a higher occurrence of verbal violence (94.2%), followed by psychological (84.1%) and moral harassment (52.2%). Associations were demonstrated between exposure to violence against teachers and the occurrence of leave from work for health reasons (p = 0.008), diagnosis of anxiety (p = 0.01) and stress (p = 0.03) and negative perception of quality of sleep (p = 0.01). Conclusion: More than 1/3 of the studied sample reported having suffered violence in the school environment. Important aspects were highlighted as consequences of this behavior, especially in the context of mental health.