A agenda da competitividade: um estudo crítico dos discursos da CNI para a Política Educacional Brasileira (1998-2018)

Abstract

This is a research of contemporary Brazilian educational policy. Educational policy is an integral part of the State and is the object of dispute between classes and class fractions in Brazilian society. The National Confederation of Industry (CNI) is an organic intellectual who directs and represents the fraction of the industrial class, and over two decades has produced documents with its vision of the country and its class demands for the various areas of activity of the State Capitalist, which were handed over to presidential candidates in each electoral process. In these documents produced, the educational policy has a prominent place, and it is on this set of documents that the research is developed. This is an empirical research that has as its theoretical unit the Marxist perspective based on: Gramscian literature on the functioning of the capitalist state; of Critical Historical Pedagogy as an answer and counterword to the competitiveness agenda; and from the Bakhtinian theoretical and methodological perspective on discourse studies. This research aims to understand how the National Confederation of Industry (CNI) elaborates and presents the discourse of competitiveness in the debate on Brazilian educational policy and the relationship it establishes with it. Based on discursive studies guided by the thought of the Bakhtinian Circle and using comparison as a methodological path, I seek to understand: 1) The competitiveness agenda and political circumstances in its relationship with educational policy in the period from 1998 to 2018; 2) Changes in the discourse of the competitiveness agenda in 2018; 3) The relationship between the competitiveness agenda and the National Common Curriculum Base (BNCC). The results of this study reveal that the competitiveness agenda presented to presidential candidates and society over 20 years, despite being presented as the industry's vision for the country, uses discursive strategies to be assimilated with a political project for a country that will benefit everyone. For educational policy, the CNI lists a series of demands that change in the historical process of development of capitalism, based on the relationship between education and the labor market, in order to dispute and direct the meanings of what is being discussed at national level in the educational field. In this sense, the approval of the BNCC and, mainly, the counter-reform of secondary education represent for the entity a possibility of implementing its class project for the Brazilian educational system.