Perfil alimentar e estado nutricional de adolescentes residentes em áreas urbana e rural: um estudo comparativo

Abstract

Introduction: Adolescence is an important period of human growth and development. At this stage rapid physical and psychosocial changes occur and many standards of adult life are established. Goal: To identify the food and nutritional profile and physical activity level of adolescents residing in urban and rural areas, comparing them according to the area of domicile and socioeconomic characteristics. Method: A cross-sectional quantitative study was carried out with 191 adolescents between 10 and 19 years old, in three basic schools (two from the urban area and one from the rural area), located in a small city in the Southwest of Paraná. For the treatment of the data collected, the chi-square test was applied, considering statistically significant results, those with values of (p <0.05). Results: It was observed in the rural area that 10.90% of the teenagers were in thinness, 9.90% in overweight, 11.9% in obesity. When the indexes were analysed for students in the city, 6.70% were in thinness, 11.10% in overweight and 15.60% in obesity. The highest quantities were imported for the consumption of encased meats (p = 0.046), butter (p = 0.003), fruits (p = 0.021), vegetables and legumes (p = 0.006) by rural students. Conclusion: The adolescents selected, from both residential areas, whether urban or rural, had a high prevalence of overweight schoolchildren. Most of the foods consumed did not show a statistical difference between the two domiciliary areas, and only fruits, vegetables / sausages, butter / lard, obtained a significant difference for greater consumption in the rural area.