Proposta para um componente curricular eletivo do novo ensino médio: uma abordagem com modelagem matemática

Abstract

The year 2022 marks a significant stage for High School in Brazil, the national implementation of the New High School (Novo Ensino Médio - NEM). According to the Ministry of Education, this educational reform aims to offer quality education capable of meeting the growing demands of the modern world, inaugurating a new era for High School. NEM brings several changes, including the increase in the annual workload and the introduction of a new curriculum structure. Now, the curriculum is made up of two elements: Basic General Training, which is standardized for all students, and Training Itineraries, which offer students more flexibility. This dissertation is centered on proposing an approach to one of the Elective Curricular Components (CCE), disciplines that are part of the Formative Itineraries. Initially tracing an overview of the implementation and restructuring of the NEM in the state of Santa Catarina, this work also presents a review of the literature on mathematical modeling, and on Vygotsky's sociocultural theory. Based on these theories, a pedagogical alternative is presented to approach and teach the concepts and steps of mathematical modeling in the CCE of Applied Mathematics. To illustrate the proposed approach and explore some of its possibilities and potential, a pedagogical imagination exercise was developed, which is accompanied by activities, texts, videos and an example of a mathematical model that could be developed with the students. In the conclusion, the contributions of the work are highlighted by creating a very detailed pedagogical roadmap, which can serve as a valuable resource for future high school teachers who seek to incorporate mathematical modeling into the CCE of Applied Mathematics or other disciplines and educational environments.