Diagnóstico da qualidade fisiológica e práticas adotadas para a produção de sementes de feijão por agricultores familiares dos municípios de Laranjeiras do Sul e Rio Bonito do Iguaçu - PR

Abstract

Producing and maintaining seed quality is a challenge for family farmers, especially during storage. Knowing the practices that these farmers have been adopting and the physiological quality that these techniques are providing the seeds is of great importance in identifying possible failures and recommending changes which aim to reduce losses and damages to farmers. Thus, this study aims to characterize the profile and practices adopted for the production of bean seeds (Phaseolus vulgaris L) by family farmers in the municipalities of Laranjeiras do Sul and Rio Bonito do Iguaçu and carry out a diagnosis of the physiological quality of the seeds. For this, the study had two stages, initially the Snowball Sampling technique was used to conduct interviews with a semi-structured questionnaire to 19 family farmers, following a script of 13 questions about the acquisition and manipulation of bean seeds in rural properties. To carry out the second stage of the research a sample of the seeds produced by each of the interviewed farmers was acquired and the physiological quality was evaluated through germination analysis tray emergence seedling emergence speed index electrical conductivity and accelerated aging with a completely randomized experimental design with four replications. Through the interviews it was possible to identify two profiles of bean seed producers determined by the genotype used creole and commercial (saved seeds) predominantly the creole profile. With the laboratory quantitative stage it was verified that in general the seeds have low physiological quality and vigor resulting from identified harmful conditions such as the presence of pathogens high seed moisture inadequate threshing processes and storage in humid conditions inadequate air relative and temperature.