Contribuições de um estudo de aula (lesson study) para abordar conceitos de matemática financeira

Abstract

Research carried out in the context of lesson study has increased significantly in the last decade in Brazil. We understand lesson studies as a professional development approach that favors teacher training and makes it possible to investigate aspects related to student learning. In light of Ole Skovsmose's Critical Mathematics Education theory, this research sought to analyze and discuss the contributions of a lesson study to address Financial Mathematics concepts with 1st year high school students. Therefore, in the second semester of 2023, after forming a group with five Mathematics teachers, we carried out a class study on Financial Mathematics which was organized into eight meetings, seven of which were virtual and one in person, relating to the research class. The investigation, developed with a group of students from a federal institute in the northern region of Rio Grande do Sul, was structured to answer the following research question: What are the contributions of lesson studies to address Financial Mathematics concepts? from the perspective of Critical Mathematics Education in a 1st year high school class? The research follows a qualitative approach and is organized into six chapters: 1) Introduction; 2) Class studies; 3) Critical Mathematics Education; 4) Methodology; 5) Data analysis and discussion; and 6) Final considerations. The analysis and interpretation of the empirical research material made it possible to present three categories of analysis, named as: I) Understanding of Financial Mathematics concepts; II) Valuing autonomous work and valuing discussions; and III) Critical learning. Furthermore, the analysis categories showed that students related the minimum wage adjustments to inflation, deflation and the generalization of mathematical expressions. The task, carried out in the context of class studies, contributed to the development of autonomy and collective discussions. Students also linked Financial Mathematics concepts with political and social issues, such as the cost of living and government political influence on salary adjustments.